![]() That decline in status was reinforced when Constantine the Great created an additional senate in Constantinople.Īfter Romulus Augustulus was deposed in 476, the Senate in the West Empire functioned under the rule of Odoacer (476–489) and during Ostrogothic rule (489–535). When the seat of government was transferred out of Rome, the Senate was reduced to a purely municipal body. Following the constitutional reforms of Emperor Diocletian, the Senate became politically irrelevant. The late Republic saw a decline in the Senate's power, which began following the reforms of the tribunes Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus.Īfter the transition of the Republic into the Principate, the Senate lost much of its political power as well as its prestige. By the middle Republic, the Senate had reached the apex of its republican power. ![]() Since the transition from monarchy to constitutional rule was most likely gradual, it took several generations before the Senate was able to assert itself over the executive magistrates. The last king of Rome, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was overthrown following a coup d'état led by Lucius Junius Brutus, who founded the Roman Republic.ĭuring the early Republic, the Senate was politically weak, while the various executive magistrates were quite powerful. It survived the overthrow of the Roman monarchy in 509 BC the fall of the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC the division of the Roman Empire in AD 395 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 Justinian's attempted reconquest of the west in the 6th century, and lasted well into the Eastern Roman Empire's history.ĭuring the days of the Roman Kingdom, most of the time the Senate was little more than an advisory council to the king, but it also elected new Roman kings. It was one of the most enduring institutions in Roman history, being established in the first days of the city of Rome (traditionally founded in 753 BC). The Roman Senate ( Latin: Senātus Rōmānus) was a governing and advisory assembly in ancient Rome.
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